MB BCh · FRCS — Consultant General, Colorectal & Gastrointestinal Surgeon

Nuffield Health · The Vale & Cardiff Bay

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Indigestion Problems

Understanding indigestion and reflux the symptoms, causes and treatment.

OVERVIEW

What causes indigestion problems?

Indigestion, medically known as dyspepsia, describes a cluster of symptoms centred around discomfort in the upper abdomen, frequently linked to acid reflux, gastritis, a hiatus hernia, or simply slower than usual digestion after eating. It is one of the most common digestive complaints seen in general practice and surgical clinics alike, affecting people of all ages, and for the great majority of patients it is not a sign of anything serious. Common triggers include rich, fatty or spicy food, alcohol, smoking, certain medications such as anti-inflammatory painkillers, and periods of stress or irregular eating. However, because indigestion symptoms can occasionally overlap with more significant conditions affecting the stomach or oesophagus, persistent symptoms, or new symptoms developing later in life, particularly alongside weight loss or difficulty swallowing, should always be properly investigated, usually with a gastroscopy, to confirm the underlying cause.

Symptoms to look out for

Causes & risk factors

TREATMENT OPTIONS

How indigestion problems can be treated

01

Lifestyle Changes

Diet and lifestyle adjustments often ease mild, occasional symptoms.Small, painless hernias may simply be monitored, with advice on what to look out for.

02

Medication

Acid-reducing medicines can control symptoms effectively for many patients.

03

Gastroscopy & Further Treatment

Persistent symptoms may need investigation and targeted treatment.

When should you seek advice?

Persistent indigestion, or symptoms with weight loss or swallowing difficulty, should be checked promptly, Mr Woodward offers assessment within 48 hours.

Common questions about indigestion

Is indigestion serious?

Indigestion is usually not serious, but persistent or new symptoms, particularly in those over 55, should be investigated to rule out other causes.

A gastroscopy is often used to examine the stomach and oesophagus directly if symptoms persist or do not respond to initial treatment.

Dietary changes help many people, though some also need medication to control acid production alongside lifestyle adjustments.